1.2 On Saying ‘Please’

1.2 On Saying ‘Please’

          On Saying "Please" is really worth reading to bring a change in our social behaviour. Here, one can enjoy the writer's meticulous  selection of vocabulary  and complex structures. It sets a challenge  in front of the readers to find contextual references of the words and phrases.

Title: The title ‘On Saying ‘Please’ gives us a hint that the topic is related to manners. We should know the importance of saying ‘ please’ to others. Good manners make us a socially accpeted person. It makes healthy relationship between individuals.

New words:-

Undoubtedly - known for certain to be so

Discourtesy - not polite, rudeness

assault and battery - an attack which includes not only threats but the actual use of violence

burglar - thief who breaks into houses shops etc with the intention of stealing

retaliate - to do something bad to someone who has done something bad to you

assailant - an attacker

legislate - to make a law or laws

violence - action or feeling that causes damage, unrest etc

to box - to fight with the fists (closed hands)

haughty - a high opinion of oneself and often a low position of others

boorish - rude, uncultured

laceration - hurt feelings

slur - a cause of blame

redress - remedy, set right

vanity - pride

brooding over - spend time thinking anxiously or sadly about something

equilibrium - balance (of the mind, emotions)

bullied - threatened

insolent - very rude

henpecked –a husband who always does what his wife tells him to do

black eye – dark coloured skin around somebody’s eye ehere he or she has been hit

endorse - official agreement to the decision

martyrdom - the death or suffering of a martyr

morose - unhappy, very sad and ill tempered

Decalogue - the Ten Commandments

Verdict - judgement

intercourse - communication, conversation

resentment - anger

ordeal - difficult or painful experience

knave - a dishonest person

cheerfully - happily

squared - having no doubt, settled

countenance - a person’s face or expression

treading - pressing down something with foot

assured - confident

inexhaulstible - unlimited ,can never be finished

solicitious - caring or concerned, giving helpful care

irradiated - (here) spread or produced

uncouth - impolite, unrefined

benediction - a blessing

conciliatory - trying to win friendly feelings

panegyric - a speech or piece of writing praising someone highly

moral affront – insult, disrespect

boor - a rude insensitive person

Ice Breakers

1) List the words of courtesy that we use in our daily life. Explain the purpose of using each.

Answer:

Words and purpose:-

1) Thank you – To express gratitude

2) Excuse me – To take permission to go ahead or to ask something

3) Pardon me – To ask to repeat the words

4) May I – To take permission

5) Yes / No sir – To agree or disagree with respect - man

6) Yes / No madam - To agree or disagree with respect - woman

7) You are welcome – To accept the expression of gratitude

8) Mention not – Reply to thank you, need not to say thank you.

9) I am sorry – To tell someone that you are ashamed for hurting them, to say disagree, to oppose other’s view politely

10) My pleasure- To tell you are happy to help or do favour

2) Listed below are a few character traits of people. Some are positive traits, while others are not. Write the ones you feel are desirable or not desirable.

Answer:-

Characteristic  Traits	Desirable -  Not Desirable
Conniving	Not Desirable
Insensitive	Not Desirable
Sly	Not Desirable
Humorous	Desirable
Naive	Not Desirable
Benevolent	Desirable
Aggressive	Not Desirable
Scheming	Not Desirable
Wise	Desirable
Egoistic	Not Desirable
Manipulative	Not Desirable
Rude	Not Desirable
Boastful	Not Desirable
Humble	Desirable
Servile	Not Desirable
Territorial	Not Desirable
Patronising	Not Desirable
Generous	Desirable

3) Etiquette and manners are very important for a person to live in the society. Read the following and write if it is appropriate or inappropriate.

1.To receive phone calls while you are in a lecture or class.

Ans: Inappropriate

2.To knock before you enter your Principal’s office.

Ans: Appropriate

3.To thank the person who offers you tea or coffee.

Ans: Appropriate

4.To be polite and courteous to others.

Ans: Appropriate

5.To leave the classroom without the teacher’s permission.

Ans: Inappropriate

6.To occupy the seats reserved for ladies or physically challenged or elderly people on a bus or a train.

Ans: Inappropriate

About the writer:

Alfred George Gardiner was an English journalist, editor and author. His essays, written under the alias "Alpha of the Plough", are highly regarded. He started his literary career as a journalist. At age of 37, he was appointed editor of the Daily News. He made regular contributions to the Daily News, The Manchester Evening News etc. His essays are uniformly elegant, graceful and humorous. ‘The Pillars of Society’, ‘Pebbles on the Shore’, ‘Many Furrows and Leaves in the Wind’ are some of his best known writings. His uniqueness lies in his ability to teach the basic truths of life in an easy and amusing manner. He rai the question of morality in everyday life.

Brainstorming

A1)

(i) Explain the following words with examples.

a) Humility          : Modesty

Example- She needs the humility to accept that their way may be better.

b) Self-esteem :Self respect

Example- He got self – esteem earning sufficient money

c) Gratitude: The quality of being grateful.

Example- Students expressed their gratitude to the teachers on Teachers’ Day.

d) Courtesy: The showing of politeness in one's attitude and behaviour towards others.

Example- The manager treated the players with courtesy and good humour.

e) Generosity: The quality of being kind and generous.

Example- I was overwhelmed by the generosity of friends and neighbours.

f) Sympathy: The feelings of pity and sorrow for someone else's misfortune.

Example- They had great sympathy for the flood victims.

g)Empathy: The ability to understand and share the feelings of another.

Example- He had empathy with small children.

(A2)

(i) Read the text and state whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the False statements.

(a) Bitter problems in day-to-day life can be solved by sweet words.

Answer- True

(b) Great wars could have been avoided by a little courtesy.

Answer- True

(c)Observance of etiquette in a normal situation is important but more important is their observance when the situation is adverse.

Answer- True

(d) Words like 'please' and 'thank you' help us in making our passage through life uneasy.

Answer- False

Correct Sentence- Words like 'please' and 'thank you' help us in making our passage through life easy.

(e) The law permits anybody to use violence, if another person is discourteous.

Answer- False

Correct Sentence- The law does not permit anybody to use violence, if another person is discourteous. It’s not a legal offence.

(ii) Select the most appropriate sentences which suggest the theme of the essay.

(a) The essay tells us about courtesy, civility, morality, responsibility and control.

(b) The essay explores the difficulties that can be incurred by an individual when dealing with the public.

(c) One can keep one’s peace of mind without having to lower themselves to the level of the perceived offender.

(d) People with low self-esteem are generally difficult to work with and they look down upon others to get a feeling of superiority.

Answer-

(a) The essay tells us about courtesy, civility, morality, responsibility and control.

(c) One can keep one’s peace of mind without having to lower themselves to the level of the perceived offender.

(iii)   

(a) Find the reasons for the lift-man's uncivilized behaviour.

Answer- The passenger’s discourteous behaviour, wound to self respect or vanity, slur upon (insult of)  his social standing etc.

(b) List the people and their behaviour that made the passenger rude and ill-mannered.

Answer-

1) Housemade – answered back to the cook

2) cook – very rude to passenger's wife

3) Wife – employer is henpacked by his wife at breakfast

4) Employer- did not say ‘Good Morning’ to passenger

5) Liftman – expected to say ‘ Please’

6) Passenger – rude and ill - mannered towards the liftman

(iv) Good manners are required in our daily life for making our social contacts more cooperative and friendly. Illustrate the behaviour of the polite conductor with different people in various situations.

Situation	Behaviour
1. The writer’s sensitive toe was trampled on	The conductor said sorry with an apology and courtesy.
2. In the rainy season dealing with people	The conductor would run up the stairs to give them the tip that there was “room inside”
3. Dealing with old people	The conductor behaved as a loving and caring son
4. Dealing with children	The conductor  behaved as caring or concerned father
5. Dealing with young people	The conductor had a peculiarly warm place in his heart for young people, and always indulged in some merry jest with them
6. Dealing with a blind man	The conductor set blind man down safely on the pavement and also took him across the road or round the corner, or otherwise safely on his way

(A3)

(a) Find out the words in column 'B' which collocate with the words in column 'A'.

A	B
regular	meal
mid-day	concept
key	food
fast	exercise
try	decorated
richly	hard
free	jam
traffic	time
social	animal
wild	justice

Answer-

regular exercise

mid-day meal

key concept

fast food

try hard

richly decorated

free time

traffic jam

social justice

wild animal

A4)

(i) Edit the given paragraph using a/an/the wherever necessary.

Rakesh is a/an ideal son who remains devoted to his father as he grows professionally to become a/the famous doctor. As his father grows old, he takes care to spend time with his father, bringing him tea in a/the morning and taking him out for a/the walk in an/the evening.

Answer:

Rakesh is an ideal son who remains devoted to his father as he grows professionally to become a famous doctor. As his father grows old, he takes care to spend time with his father, bringing him tea in the morning and taking him out for a walk in the evening.

ii) Spot the errors in each of the following sentences and correct the incorrect ones.

(a) Radha brought pens and distributed them between her five children.

Ans- Radha brought pens and distributed them among her five children.

(b) Jayshree and Sujata sat besides each other in complete silence.

Ans- Jayshree and Sujata sat beside each other in complete silence.

(c) His best friend Vijay was blind within one eye.

Ans- His best friend Vijay was blind in one eye.

(d) One could dare to encroach on his rights.

Ans- One could dare to encroach upon his rights.

(e) She was taken with surprise when she saw the famous Taj Mahal.

Ans- She was taken by in surprise when she saw the famous Taj Mahal.

(f) It is not possible to exchange the goods once the sale has been completed.

Ans- It is not possible to exchange goods once the sale has been completed.

(g) Dr. Sengupta has been trying to master the craft for the last five years.

Ans- No error.

(h) The top-ranking candidates will be appointed in senior jobs in banks.

Ans-The top-ranking candidates will be appointed to senior jobs in banks.

(i) She knows very well what is expected from her but she is unable to perform.

Ans-She knows very well what is expected of her but she is unable to perform.

(j) They will put on a note in this regard for your consideration.

Ans-They will put up a note in this regard for your consideration.

Activity Sheet:

Q. Read the extract and complete the activities given below.(12)

The young lift-man in a City office who threw a passenger out of his lift the other morning and was fined for the offence was undoubtedly in the wrong. It was a question of 'Please'. The complainant entering the lift; said,'Top'. The lift-man demanded 'Top-please' and this concession being refused he not only declined to comply with the instruction, but hurled the passenger out of the lift. This, of course was carrying a comment on manner too far. Discourtesy is not a legal offence, and it does not excuse assault and battery. If a burglar breaks into my house and I knock him down, the law will acquit me, and if I am physically assaulted, it will permit me to retaliate with reasonable violence. It does this because the burglar and my assailant have broken quite definite commands of the law, but no legal system could attempt to legislate against bad manners, or could sanction the use of violence against something which it does not itself recognize as a legally punishable offence. And whatever our sympathy with the lift-man, we must admit that the law is reasonable. It would never do if we were at liberty to box people's ears because we did not like their behaviour, or the tone of their voices, or the scowl on their faces. Our fists would never be idle, and the gutters of the City would run with blood all day.

A1.True or False (2)

Rewrite and state whether the following sentences are true or false.

i)The writer favours the step taken by the lift-man.

ii) Discourtesy is hardly a legal offence.

iii) According to the writer, the law is not irreasonable.

iv)The passanger said Top-please to the lift-man.

A2. Describe (2)

Describe the incident in the lift in about 50 words.

A3. Locate (2)

Locate the lines which prove the following statement.

“The law acquits any reasonable retaliation in self defence.”

A4. Personal Response (2)

Write any four polite expressions you use in your day-to-day life.

A5. Do as directed (2)  
                                                                                                                       

i) We did not like their behaviour.        

     (Make it affirmative)

ii) I knock him down.

    (Change the Voice)

A6. Vocabulary (2)

Fill in  the blanks with appropriate words given in the bracket and rewrite the sentences.

          (reasonable, attempt, concession, sympathy)

i) He had taken a very ----------- to get success.

ii) It was a -------------- measure to support the decision.

iii) A man without -----------in heart is like a stone.

iv) The students’ applied for the ------------ in the fees.

.

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1.1 An Astrologer’s Day

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Std. XII - 1.1 An Astrologer’s Day

1.1 An Astrologer’s Day

The title of the text:

1) 'An astrologer's Day' arouses curiosity as something might have taken place on a particular day. It attracts the readers to go through the text.

2) 'An astrologer's Day' - Here ‘a day’ is a specific day in life that can be a turning point of somebody's life. The title is very interesting and creates curiosity in the mind of the readers. The writer extended the word with a particular purpose as it was used by Churchill... 'Everyone has his day'.

3)  The title creates curiosity in the mind of the reader about astrology and astrologer’s life. It also creates interest in reading to find out what is that particular day of the astrologer in the story.

Audio Version of the story in Marathi: 
Click on the following link to download or hear the audio clip.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1uDThYi4jRWznKBJH4h1-ZgtkzFMELZ-2/view?usp=sharing

Created by-

Prof. Dhakane Z.N.

Junior College, Wada

Dist. Palghar

Ice Breakers:

1) Complete the activity.  What are your strengths?

Strengths

Why do you feel so?

Dream career

painting and drawing

can visualise, express

commercial artist, cartoonist

dancing

passion, expression

choreographer, artist

singing

voice modulation

Singer

music

passion for musical instruments or  to get peace and relaxation

music composer / Musician

acting

enacting as per situations

actor

making various kinds of dishes

love to make food

chef

ask questions

can raise critical issues

News anchor, Journalist

write stories

can arrange different ideas and events

Writer

persuade

can convince anyone

salesman/ businessman

weaving and sewing

can design clothes

dress designer

2) The scene in a local market of a village/town/city is very attractive. People with different occupations sell their wares. Give the variety of activities at the local market.

1. selling flowers, selling grocery.      

2. selling sweets, namkeens, bangles, artificial jewelries, homemade medicines, fruits, vegetables, home utensils, beauty products, clothes etc.

3. bantering, bargaining, discussing, joking, shouting  etc.  

4. transport of goods and other products.

5. movement of persons and hand carts,

6. use of different dialects or languages. 

3) In a village /town /city it is quite a common sight to see an astrologer sitting by the roadside with his professional equipment.

Give a list the requirements for his trade.

1) parrot, cards etc.

2) cowrie shell, obscure things, clothes ,mala, beads, flowers etc

3) lemon, green chillies, sindoor, books, photos of deity, wand, etc.

4) Panchang, mystic charts, palmyra writing,  stick, mat, etc.

         

4) There are certain unreasonable beliefs among people living in our society. Certain common events are linked with superstitions.

List such events, discuss the superstitions linked with them and the means of their eradication.

1) A cat crossing your path

2) To cut the nails at night.

3) To see the women carrying empty pitchers.

4) To scratch the left hand.

5) To kill the cat.

6) To take salt on the palm.

7) To sit on the threshold.

8) To blow the burning diya.(oil lamp)

9) To touch the trees at night.

10) To remove the foot wears in front of the door.

11) To hear the caws of crow.

12) To blink the left eye.

13) Howling of dog.

14) Boiled milk overflowing from vessel.

15) Belief in supernatural powers.

16) Sacrifice of animals toward of evil.

17) Marriage of animals to ward off drought and bring rain.

18) Hang lemon and chillies.

19) Hang black doll on the door.

20) Seeing owl on the way.

21) Donating amount in figure of 11, 21, 51 and so on.

22) Breaking of mirror brings bad luck.

23) Sweeping of home at night.

24) Painting black spot to the infant.

Means to eradicate the superstitions:

1. By keeping scientific attitude.

2. Finding rationale behind them.

3. By exposing their falsehood.

4. By creating social awareness drive.

5. Through literacy campaigns

6. Through stage shows, films, songs, plays and TV programmes.

7. Taking help of local NGOs.

8. Organising Workshops, seminars and scientific forums at school and 

colleges.

9. By Scientific thinking

10. By doing practical analysis

11. By doing tie up with organisation that exposes the truth through analytical thinking. 

Guess the meaning:

1) pies - a former monetary unit of India and Pakistan equal to 1/12 of an anna

2) tilting - move or causing to move in sloping position

3) bluffing - trying to deceive someone as to someone's abilities or intentions

4) glimpse - a momentary or partial view

5) passer-by - a person who happens to be going past something, especially on foot

6) peep - look quickly and furtively at something especially through a narrow opening

7) overwhelmed - overpowered or have strong emotional effect on

8) groaned- made a deep, inarticulate sound conveying despair or pain

9) surging – (crowd) moving suddenly and powerfully forward

10) cosmos - coloured flowers and pinnate leaves (Mexican herb)

11) dahlia - name of a flower plant (a tuberous-rooted Mexican plant of the daisy family, which is cultivated for its brightly coloured single or double flowers.)

12) din - a loud,  unpleasant and prolonged noise

13) transacted - carried out  or conducted (business dealings)

14) careworn - tired or unhappy because of prolonged worry

15) gasped - panted, catch one's breath with an open mouth, owing to pain or astonishment.

Brainstorming activities:

(A1)

(i) Given below are some descriptions. Discuss them with your partner and find out one word for each of them. An example is given for you.

(a) The scientific study of the universe and the objects in it, including stars, planets, nebulae and galaxies

- Astronomy

(b) The study of the movements of the planets, Sun, Moon, and Stars in the belief that these movements can have an influence on people's lives

- Astrology or (Cosmology or Astrophysics)

(c) A prediction of what will happen in the future.

- Prophecy

(d) Scientific discipline that studies mental states and processes and behaviour in humans and other animals.

- Psychology

(ii) In the story we are told that the Town Hall Park was a remarkable place in many ways for an astrologer to build his business. List the exceptional qualities of the place.

a) A surging crowd     

b) A variety of trades and occupations.

c) An auctioneer of cheap cloth creating enough din to attract the whole town.

d) Shouting vendor of fried groundnut.

e) Shops did not have the benefit of municipal lighting.

f) The place was lit up by shop lights.

g) Bewildering crisscross of light rays and moving shadows.

(iii) The astrologer never opened his mouth till the other had spoken for at least ten minutes. Discuss the reasons behind his act.

(a) He is good at reading the people.

b) The information given by people provided him enough stuff for a dozen answers and advices        

c) He got a chance to analyze the troubles of his customer.             

d) He worked on the policy those who hear a lot learn a lot.

e) He got a way to win the confidence of the customer.

f) He got enough time for searching answers and giving advice.

(A2)

(i) The tactics used by the astrologer to earn his wages are...

a) Analysis of human troubles

b) A good presence of mind, experience and perception

c) Use of equipment and shrewdness. 

\

d) Comment on the customer's nature, affairs, efforts and fate.

e) Creation of fear in the mind of the customer.

f) Use of general statements to endear the customers and win their hearts.

(ii) An astrologer's appearance helps to create an impression on his clients.Complete the following:

a) The turban on his head

b) Sacred ash and vermilion on forehead

c) Dark mustachecovering his voice 

d) 

Sparkling eyes having gleam

(iii) Read the following sentences and choose the correct one.

(a) The astrologer says that if Nayak leaves his village again, he would -

(1) return the money

(2) face danger

(3) go back home and stop looking for the man who tried to kill him

(4) not find the killer.

Answer: face danger

(b) According to the narrator the astrologer's success in his profession is primarily due to -

(1) luck

(2) the bargains he drives

(3) his appearance

(4) his understanding of people.

Answer: his understanding of people.

(c) The story suggests that the astrologer's comments and observations please people by -

(1) promising them success and good fortune

(2) proving, as time passes, to have been true

(3) flattering them or supporting their own views

(4) helping them to learn to solve their own problems.   

Answer: flattering them or supporting their own views  

(d) Guru Nayak consults the astrologer because he wants to -

(1) understand the past

(2) find out who the astrologer is

(3) make some money through a bet

(4) get the answer to a specific question

Answer: get the answer to a specific question

(e) Guru Nayak is looking for the man who tried to kill him -

(1) to take revenge

(2) to get an apology

(3) to demand an explanation

(4) to prove that the man was unsuccessful.

Answer: to take revenge

(f) The astrologer's remark makes Guru Nayak feel all of the following except-

(1) relieved

(2) suspicious

(3) impressed

(4) disappointed.

Answer: suspicious

(g) Reactions of the astrologer's wife to his news suggest that she -

(1) was unaware of his past

(2) has been worried about his safety

(3) has known him since he was young

(4) is concerned about her future with him.

Answer: was unaware of his past

(iv) In the story, many Indian words are used.

'Cowrie shells'. This is an example of code-mixing.

Find out other such words from the story and write them down.

Examples of code – mixing:-

Raja's Delicacy, Bombay ice cream, Delhi Almond, three pies, eight annas, half annas, jutka drivers, lit a cheeroot etc.

(iv) Read the following sentences and find out True and False sentences. Correct the False sentences.

(a) The astrologer gave a correct prediction to the client about his past that he was stabbed, thrown into a well and left for dead.- True

(b) When the astrologer came to know that the man whom he killed is alive he felt that he was relieved of his guilt. - True

(c) The astrologer tried to back out of the deal and talked about the client's past. – False (The astrologer demanded more money to tell about the client’s past)

(d) The astrologer rescued himself from Guru Nayak's revenge. - True

(e) The moral of the story is that we must be responsible about what we have done and should not run away from our mistakes. - True

(v) The astrologer has changed his appearance and his persona when he arrived in the city. Give specific reasons.

Answer: When astrologer was a silly youngster, he quarreled with Guru Nayak and tried to kill him in wrath. He thought that he had murdered Guru Nayak. So he left the village and settled in the distant city where no one was familiar with him. He changed his attire and also changed the complete appearance and persona so that no one could recognise him and his offence of killing Guru Nayak would not be revealed.

(vi)'The darkness load that was inside the astrologer has disappeared'. Through this sentence, explain the significance of the title 'An Astrologer's Day'.

Answer: An astrologer was living under the burden of thought that he had the blood of man on his hands all those days. But one day he saw a stranger before him. He identified Guru Nayak. When he saw Guru Nayak was alive, he became tension free. The day on which he was relieved from that load, was a special day for him. So that day is called An Astrologer's Day.

(vii)   The astrologer feels relieved that Guru is not dead as it relieves a great burden from him. Critically justify the statement and explain it.

Answer: An astrologer was living under the load of thought that he had murdered Guru Nayak. So he felt himself guilty. But one day when he saw Guru Nayak before him alive, he felt relieved from the burden of that thought means he was not dead.

(viii) The astrologer wins/gets the sympathy of criticism of the reader in the end. Express your opinion with the support of the main story.

Answer: The Astrologer gets the sympathy of the readers because he was guilty of his deed and wanted to get away from it. His smartness and the tricks of his trade had saved him from his past crime. He had accepted his mistake and already started living a new life. Acceptance of mistake is a great quality which is difficult to find. His perception, presence of mind, self-confidence and shrewdness helped him to overcome the problem. He had learnt a lesson hence the astrologer got sympathy from the readers.

(ix) If we have to eradicate the superstitions and other ill practices from our society, what steps would you like to suggest?

Answer: I would like to suggest the following steps for eradicating the superstitions and other ill practices from our society.

a) To make the people aware of the things which are good and which are bad for our development and also for the development of our society.

b)To tell them about the ill effects of superstitions on our health.

c)To try to develop the scientific views in the people.

d)To make aware them how common persons are deceived under the names of blind beliefs by some so called Sadhus.

e) To tell the people not to believe in unknown persons who come 

to your doorstep and ask you to make double the money or ornaments.

f)To take the help of the organizations who are working in the field of eradication of superstitions. These organizations will arrange programmes to show the ill impacts of superstitions.

g)To try develop scientific thinking within common people through practical experiences.

etc.

(x) In the story, astrologer has a great listening power. Listening helps in developing good relations with people. Express your opinion.

Answer: Yes, listening helps in developing good relations with people. 

a) If we listen carefully what the person before us telling, he / she will respect us.

b) If we listen someone's agony, we can console him / her. It helps us to build good relationship.

c) Listening also helps us to sort out the misunderstanding.

d) Listening is skill which helps one to communicate successfully.

e) If we don't listen others and speak to the people all the time, they get bored and try to avoid us which affects the relations.

f) A good listener is always alert and can judge things in correct perspective. Such person takes proper steps to maintain the relationship.

A3)

(i) In the story, the following characters reveal their qualities through words and actions. Pick out the words that describe them and write before the characters.

Astrologer

Guru Nayak

Astrologer's wife

(1) shrewd

manipulative

caring

(2)

(3)

(4)

Answer

(ii) Match the suffixes with the words and make nouns. One is done for you.

Word

suffix

noun

auction

able

auctioneer

enchant

ure

know

ment

prepare

eer

proceed

ance

appear

ledge

remark

tion

Answer:-

Word

suffix

noun

auction

able

auctioneer

enchant

ure

enchantment

know

ment

knowledge

prepare

eer

preparation

proceed

ance

procedure

appear

ledge

appearance

remark

tion

remarkable

iii) Astrologer's Day' has ironic elements where the astrologer pretends to have 'supernatural knowledge' that coincidently turns out to be the truth.

Irony means a situation or statement characterized by a significant difference between what is expected and what actually happens, or between what is understood and what is meant.

Find out the examples of irony from the story and write them down. One has been done for you.

a)He knew no more of what was going to happen to others than he knew what was going to happen to himself the next minute.

b)He had a working analysis of mankind's troubles.

c)Within five minutes he understood what was wrong.

d)Guru Nayak came to the astrologer for help in finding the man who nearly killed him--and the astrologer himself was the very man he was looking for but he couldn’t recognize him.

e)His forehead was resplendent with sacred ash and vermilion, and his eyes sparkled with a sharp abnormal gleam which was really an outcome of a continual searching look for customers, but which his simple clients took to be a prophetic light and felt comforted.

f)Nayak learnt that his attacker was dead. The astrologer learnt that he did not commit murder.

g)The very fact that such pious and sanctimoniously sacrosanct activities are carried out in busy market lanes where day to day businesses are carried out makes quite a few eyebrows to get raised and worry about the real underpinnings of these businesses.

(iv) In the story, many Indian words are used.

'Cowrie shells'. This is an example of code-mixing.

Find out other such words from the story and write them down.

Examples of code – mixing:-

Raja's Delicacy, Bombay ice cream, Delhi Almond, three pies, eight annas, half annas, jutka drivers, lit a cheeroot etc.

Textual Activities given in the margin:

By Prof. Sanjay D. Patil, Dnyandeep Vidya Mandir, Khed Dist. Ratnagiri 

1) If the astrologer had stayed in the village then he would have carried on

Ans- tilling the land, living, marrying and ripening in his cornfield and ancestral home.

2) The astrologer could understand the problem in five minutes. How?

Ans – The astrologer had a working analysis of mankind's troubles like marriage, money, and the tangles. Long practice of astrology had sharpened his perception. He was good at reading people. He won the confidence of the people after a talk with them. It is therefore within five minutes he could understand what was wrong with his customers.

3) How could the astrologer tell the person about his life?

Ans - The astrologer had a working analysis of mankind's troubles. Long practice of astrology had sharpened his perception. He had his own way to deal with his customers. He allowed his customers to talk first. He gave them ten minutes to speak which provided enough time for searching answers and giving advices to them. Even he could tell them about their nature, family tangles just by looking at their palms.

4) The man was left for dead because….

Ans - When the astrologer was young, he had a quarrel with Guru Nayak. He stabbed him with a Knife. He thought that he had killed him. He was afraid of it. As he didn’t want anyone to know it, he pushed him in the well and left him for dead.

5) What was the load on the astrologer’s mind?

Ans- When astrologer was a silly youngster, he quarreled with Guru Nayak and tried to kill him in wrath. He thought this act of killing or murdering Guru Nayak as the load on his mind.

Model Activity Sheet No.1

Q1. Read the following extract and complete the activities given below.  (12)

          Punctually (promptly) at midday, he opened his bag and spread out his professional equipment,(tools) which consisted of a dozen cowrie shells,(conch of small snell) a square piece of cloth with obscure(unclear) mystic(supernatural) charts on it, a notebook and a bundle of palmyra (tree) writing. His forehead was resplendent(splendid/Shinning) with sacred ash (residue) and vermilion (red colour/Sindur), and his eyes sparkled with a sharp abnormal gleam which was really an outcome of a continual searching look for customers, but which his simple clients took to be a prophetic (foresighted) light and felt comforted.(pleased)      

          The power of his eyes was considerably enhanced (improved) by their position—placed as they were between the painted forehead and the dark whiskers (mustache hairs) which streamed down (coursed down) his cheeks: even a half-wit's eyes would sparkle in such a setting. To crown (culminate/coronate/heighten/exalt) the effect he wound a saffron-colored; (orange-yellow colored) turban (cap/hat/Pagadi) around his head. This color scheme never failed. People were attracted to him as bees are attracted to cosmos or dahlia (flowers) stalk. (axis/shaft/shoot) He sat under the boughs (branch) of a spreading tamarind tree which flanked(boarder/side/line) a path running through the Town Hall Park.

          It was a remarkable place in many ways: a surging (rising/increasing) crowd was always moving up and down this narrow road morning till night. A variety of trades and occupations was represented all along its way: medicine-sellers, sellers of stolen hard ware and junk, magicians and, above all, an auctioneer of cheap cloth, who created enough din all day to attract the whole town.

A1. Web (2)

                                                                                     

   

A2.  Describe (2)

Describe the market place as a centre of attraction for the sellers and the whole town.        

A3. Find out (2)
                                                                                                           

Find out any two instances of the appearance of the prophet mostly suitable to his
profession.

A4. Personal Response (2)

Write in 50 words about the career you like to choose in your life.                                          

A5. Language study – (Do as directed) (2)

       

i) Punctually at midday, he opened his bag. 

                 (Make it compound)                                             

      

ii) The power of his eyes was considerably enhanced by their position.                               (Change the voice)                                                                                   

A6. Vocabulary (2)

Find from the passage the adjectives used to describe the following words. (2)   

i) turban- ………

ii) equipment - ………

iii) forehead - ……..

iv) place - ………




Copy on the following link to download or hear the pdf file

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1rE1tZfplovJzGDOSh_Uiw1_phHtxzX0A/view?usp=sharing

1.4 Big Data – Big Insights

https://vijayahire16.blogspot.com/2020/07/14-big-data-big-insights.html

1.4 Big Data – Big Insights

Ice Breakers

A) Give business suggestions to the respective industry / company for the following situation.

You have received data that -

a) Many Passengers prefer fights between 7 am and 9 am from Mumbai to Delhi.

Suggestion:
Increase the number of flights between 7 am and 9 am.

b) Many students are opting for UPSC/MC Exams.

Suggestion:
Increase the number of examination centres and add more jobs in it.      

c) Many people go for morning walk to Kamla Nehru Park.

Suggestion:
Increase the facilities in the park. Start more such parks in the city in different areas. Charge meagre facility charges to maintain the quality of the garden.           

d) Many people buy clothes from miracle.com an online shopping site.

Suggestion:
Increase new brands and give discounts to attract more persons. Keep good quality products and give good customer care service.  

e) The viewership on television is more between 8 pm and 10 pm.

Suggestion:
Increase social awareness and scientific consciousness programmes during this period.         

B) People get information from various sources. Name few sources:

Answer:- 

Sources of information:-

1) Apps- Facebook, Whats app, Telegram etc.

2) Newspaper

3) Television

4) Websites

5) Films

6) Blogs

7) Reporters

8) Pamphlets

9) Advertisements

10) Brochures

11) Dictionary

12) Encyclopedia

13) Web search engines- Google, Yahoo, Bing

14) Magazines and book

15) Online shopping sites- Flipkart, Amazon

Brainstorming

(A1)

You tube has many videos on various things. Listen to the uses and health benefits of 'Lemon' and write it.

Answer:-

Benefits of ‘Lemon’:-

1) It promotes hydration.

2) It is a good source of vitamin C.

3) It supports weight loss.

4) It improves your skin quality.

5) It aids digestion.

6) It freshens breath.

7) It helps prevent kidney stones.

8) It can optimize mood and memory.

(A2)

(i) Make pointwise notes regarding the uses of Big Data in the following application.

(a) Location Tracking -

(1) Identifying and tracking the exact location of a place.         

(2) Real time data about traffic    

(3) Guidance about particular route during travelling      

(4) Understand accident prone areas    

(5) Information if the route is closed or if it is a one-way route

(b) Health Care Industry -

(1) Use of modern gadgets for 24 by 7.          

(2) Unnecessary guesswork reduced

(3) Better diagnosis of illness.

(4) Checking outburst of epidemics

(5) Past records of the patients can be maintained.

(c) Education Industry -

(1) Customised learning programme     

(2) Check the progress of the students

(3) Get information of student’s strengths and weaknesses

(4) Guide the students to choose the career            

(ii) Give the precautions when you are asked for personal details on social media. What precautions will you take?

Answer:-

I would take the following precautions if I am asked for personal details on social media.

1) I would verify who I am connecting with.

2) I would limit details about my work history and daily routine.

3) I would not share personal details if I am not sure.

4) I would be careful of over-friending.

5) I would not give any information of ATM card, its password and OTP.

(iii) Do you think all the data we receive is used for positive things? If 'No', make a list of the negative things which can be done with the help of Big Data.

Answer:-

I think all the data we receive is not used for positive things. Here are few negative things for which Big Data is used.

1) Internet trolls.

2) Cheating the people

3) Spread of misleading information.

4) Collecting private information.

5) Bombarding of advertising.

6) Spread of rumours.

(A3)

Guess the meaning of the following idioms and phrases and use them in sentences of your own.

‘One-size-fits-all’ – suitable for or used in all circumstances

Answer:-

1) The wrist watches have adjustable belts, so one- size- fits- all.

2) People want greater choice—the end of a one-size-fits-all approach.

3) The clearest lesson learned is that there is no one-size-fits-all solution, although the problems are similar everywhere.

4) The one-size-fits-all interest rate applied across the country.

(A4)

(i) Do as directed.

(a) Advertisers are one of the biggest players in Big Data.

(1) Begin the sentence with  ‘Very few’

Ans- Very few players in Big Data are as big as advertisers.

(2) Use ‘bigger than’ and rewrite the sentence.

Ans- Advertisers are bigger than most other players in Big Data.

(b) No other diagnosis is as good as the diagnosis done with the help of 

Big Data.

(1) Use ‘best’ and rewrite the sentence.

Ans- The diagnosis done with the help of Big Data is the best diagnosis.

(2) Use ‘better than’ and rewrite the sentence.

Ans- The diagnosis done with the help of Big Data is better than any other diagnosis.

(c) These internet giants provide the greatest data about people.

(1) Begin the sentence with  ‘No other’

Ans- No other internet giants provide as great data about people as these.

Or

No other internet giants provide as great data as these about people.

(2) Use ‘greater than’ and rewrite the sentence.

Ans- These internet giants provide greater data than any other internet giants about people.

(ii) Use 'as well as', 'either ...... or' in the following sentences.

(a) Whatever activity we do online is recorded, monitored and analysed.

Ans- Whatever activity we do online is recorded, monitored as well as analysed.

Ans- Whatever activity we do online is either recorded or monitored or analysed.

(b) Big Data has been useful in identifying and tracking the exact location of a place.

Ans- Big data has been useful in identifying as well as tracking the exact location of a place.

Ans- Big Data helps either in monitoring the outbreaks of the epidemics or diseases.

(c) Weather sensors and satellites help us to understand the weather and help in weather forecasting.

Ans- Weather sensors and satellites help us to understand the weather as well as help in weather forecasting.

Ans- Weather sensors and satellites either help us to understand the weather or help in weather forecasting.

(d) Big Data helps in monitoring the outbreaks of epidemics and diseases.

Ans- Big data has been useful in identifying as well as tracking the exact location of a place.

Ans- Big Data helps in monitoring the outbreaks of either epidemics or diseases.

(e) New insights have enabled the banks and finance companies to come up with suitable plans.

Ans- New insights have enabled the banks as well as finance companies to come up with suitable plans.

Ans- New insights have enabled either the banks or finance companies to come up with suitable plans.